Science | 首次发现帕金森病关键蛋白PINK1的结构
<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> <img "hiragino="" "microsoft="" "pingfang="" 0%="" 0%;background-repeat:="" 0px;background-clip:="" 0px;border-style:="" 0px;text-align:="" 100%;height:="" 51);bottom:="" 51);top:="" 51,="" arial,="" auto;"="" auto;border-width:="" auto;display:="" auto;max-height:="" auto;visibility:="" auto;z-index:="" border-box;background-position:="" center;text-decoration-style:="" class="__bg_gif rich_pages wxw-img" data-backh="54" data-backw="578" data-fileid="100022000" data-imgfileid="100068027" data-ratio="0.09291338582677165" data-type="gif" data-w="635" gb",="" helvetica="" inline;float:="" neue",="" none;border-color:="" none;left:="" none;min-width:="" none;width:="" repeat;background-size:="" rgb(51,="" sans="" sans-serif;min-height:="" sc",="" solid;text-decoration-color:="" src="https://kepu.file.lewenyixue.com/lwyx/20250411/0ac6a9ffffe527a7895f882d31fdb79d.gif" style="width:100%" ui",="" visible;clear:="" yahei="" yahei",=""/>
<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Walter and Elizabeth Hall 研究所( <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> WEHI )的科学家们通过确定与线粒体结合的人类蛋白 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的第一个结构,解决了一个长达数十年的谜团,他们称这是在对抗帕金森病方面取得的巨大飞跃。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 在 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 20 多年前首次被发现,是一种与帕金森病直接相关的蛋白质,但直到现在,还没有人知道人类的 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 是什么样子的,也没有人知道 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 是如何附着在受损线粒体表面并被激活的。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> WEHI 泛素信号部门负责人 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> David Komander 博士表示,他的团队多年的工作现在已经解开了这个谜团。“这是帕金森病研究的一个重要里程碑。最终看到 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 并了解它是如何与线粒体结合的,这真是令人难以置信。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Komander 说,他也是 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> WEHI 帕金森病研究中心的实验室负责人。“我们的结构揭示了许多改变 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的新方法,基本上是开启它,这将改变帕金森病患者的生活。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Komander 是该团队在《 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Science 》杂志上发表的题为“ <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Structure of human PINK1 at a mitochondrial TOM-VDAC array ”的论文的通讯作者。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

帕金森病是一种隐匿性疾病,通常需要数年,有时甚至数十年的时间才能诊断出来。通常与震颤有关,有近 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 40 种症状,包括认知障碍、语言问题、体温调节和视力问题。在澳大利亚,超过 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 20 万人患有帕金森病,其中 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 10% 至 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 20% 的人发病较早(早发性帕金森病; <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> EOPD ),这意味着他们在 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 50 岁以下被诊断出来。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> N 端与 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> TIM50 交联 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
帕金森病的特征之一是脑细胞死亡。人体内每分钟约有 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 5000 万个细胞死亡并被替换。但与身体中其他细胞不同的是,当脑细胞死亡时,它们被替换的速度极低。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1-TOM-TIM23 的大规模纯化 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
线粒体在所有生物的细胞水平上产生能量,需要大量能量的细胞可以包含数百或数千个线粒体。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PARK6 基因编码 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 蛋白,通过检测受损的线粒体并标记它们以供去除来支持细胞存活。作者解释说:“ <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 是一种泛素和 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Parkin 激酶,是线粒体损伤信号的早期传感器和转导子。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1-TOM-TIM23 复合组分的 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> XL-MS 分析 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
当线粒体受损时,它们会停止产生能量并将毒素释放到细胞中。在一个健康的人身上,当线粒体受损时, <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 聚集在线粒体膜上,并通过一种叫做泛素的小蛋白质发出信号,表明需要清除受损的线粒体。在一个健康的人身上,受损的细胞在一个称为线粒体自噬的过程中被处理掉。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 泛素信号是受损线粒体所特有的,当 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 在患者中发生突变时,破碎的线粒体会在细胞中积累。 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> S4 CryoEM 单颗粒分析数据处理 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
该研究的主要作者、 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> WEHI 高级研究员 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Sylvie Callegari 博士说, <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 分四个不同的步骤起作用,前两个步骤以前从未被发现过。首先, <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 感知线粒体损伤。然后,它附着在受损的线粒体上。一旦连接上,它就会标记泛素,泛素就会连接到一种叫做 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Parkin 的蛋白质上,这样受损的线粒体就可以被循环利用。在他们的论文中,作者进一步解释说:“在健康的线粒体中, <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 通过外膜转位酶( <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> TOM )复合物在线粒体外膜( <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> MOM )上易位,通过内膜转位酶( <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> TIM ) <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> 23 复合物插入线粒体内膜( <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> MIM ),被 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> MIM 蛋白酶 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PARL 切割,由蛋白酶体反向易位和降解。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

围绕 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> TOM 核心复合物的脂质 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
在患有帕金森病和 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 突变的人身上,线粒体自噬过程不再正常运作,毒素在细胞中积累,最终杀死细胞。“泛素激酶 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的突变会导致早发性帕金森病。”作者指出,“线粒体中全长 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的结构对于开发和理解 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 激活剂以及治疗帕金森病至关重要。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

跨物种 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> TOM 结构的比较 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
然而,迄今为止,科学家们还无法将这种蛋白质可视化,也无法理解它是如何附着在线粒体上并被激活的。作者指出,虽然从昆虫中分离的 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 激酶结构域的多种结构为科学家提供了有关 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 激活的分子细节,但“人类 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 一直抵制结构表征,包含许多患者突变的 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 N 末端仍未得到解决。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">

<span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Apo-TOM40 barrel 和 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1-trapped TOM40 barrel 的比较 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
在评论他们最新报道的工作时, <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> Callegari 说:“这是我们第一次看到人类 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 与受损线粒体的表面对接,并发现了一系列作为对接位点的蛋白质。我们还首次看到了帕金森病患者体内存在的突变是如何影响人类 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
使用 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 作为潜在药物治疗靶点的想法长期以来一直被吹捧,但尚未实现,因为 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 的结构以及它如何附着在受损的线粒体上尚不清楚。研究小组希望利用这些知识找到一种药物来减缓或阻止 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 突变患者的帕金森病。科学家们写道:“我们的结构还提供了多种未经探索的途径来稳定线粒体上的 <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times=""> PINK1 ,为帕金森病患者开发急需的治疗方案。” <span "serif";"="" lang="EN-US" new="" roman",="" style="font-size: 10.5pt;font-family: " times="">
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<section "hiragino="" "microsoft="" "pingfang="" 255);line-height:="" 255,="" 2em;text-align:="" arial,="" gb",="" helvetica="" left;"="" neue",="" rgb(255,="" sans="" sans-serif;background-color:="" sc",="" style="margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, " ui",="" yahei="" yahei",=""> 图灵基因面向科研工作者推出的 TB-1 数字病理切片扫描仪,自带AI建模和模型解释功能, 操作方便易学,可轻松构建原创模型, 有望帮助您更好地挖掘 生物多模态数据, 发现更多组织空间结构规律。 <section "hiragino="" "microsoft="" "pingfang="" 255);line-height:="" 255,="" 2em;text-align:="" arial,="" gb",="" helvetica="" left;"="" neue",="" rgb(255,="" sans="" sans-serif;background-color:="" sc",="" style="margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, " ui",="" yahei="" yahei",=""> 联系微信号:aipathology 邮箱 : product ( at) t uri ngene . com


分析包括细胞亚类识别,计数,区域分布特征分析,与多模态数据结合,可建模预测肿瘤分子亚型,分子表达,表达区域,癌症预后分析,突变驱动因素分析等
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